55TAB FOUR | TAKING CARE OF YOURSELF patient guide

Diarrhea

When chemotherapy or radiation therapy affects the cells lining the intestines, it can cause diarrhea (watery or loose

stools). If you have more than six to eight loose stools in a 24-hour period or if you have diarrhea that continues for more

than 24 hours or if you have cramping and pain along with diarrhea, then you need to call your doctor or nurse. Your

doctor may tell you to take an over-the-counter medication called Immodium or Lomotil. In severe cases, the doctor may

prescribe medication to help with the diarrhea. Do not take any medication for diarrhea until told by your doctor or nurse.

Excessive diarrhea can cause your body to lose too much salt, water and other nutrients. If you continue to have diarrhea,

you may need IV fluids to replace the water and nutrients that you have lost. Usually, the IV fluids can be given in the

outpatient clinic and do not require hospitalization.

Tips for coping with diarrhea:

• Drink plenty of fluids, especially clear liquids such as mild juices, Kool- Aid, ginger ale,

sports drinks or clear broth.

• Eat small amounts of food throughout the day instead of three large meals.

• Eat low-fiber foods such as white bread, white rice, noodles, creamed cereals, bananas,

eggs, potatoes, or canned or cooked fruit without the skins.

• Avoid high-fiber foods such as whole grain breads and pastas, raw vegetables, beans,

nuts, seeds, and fresh or dried fruit.

• Avoid very hot or very cold liquids, as this can make diarrhea worse.

• Avoid coffee, tea with caffeine, alcohol and sweets.

• Avoid fried, greasy or highly spiced foods.

• Avoid milk and milk products including ice cream.

Constipation

Chemotherapy, pain medications or other medications can usually cause constipation (lack of a bowel movement).

Constipation can also occur if you are less active than normal or if you are not drinking enough fluids or eating enough

fiber. If you have not had a bowel movement in more than a day or two, or your normal routine for a bowel movement is

abnormal, call your doctor or nurse. They may tell you to take an over-the-counter laxative or stool softener. Please do

not take any medication without first talking to your doctor or nurse.

Tips for coping with constipation:

• Drink plenty of fluids, especially water.

• Talk with your doctor or nurse about increasing the fiber in your diet.

• Increase your exercise, take a walk or begin an approved exercise program.